Two-dimensional free-space beam steering with an optical phased array on silicon-on-insulator. Shields, A. R.; Evans, B. Benford's law owes its discovery to the "Grubby Pages Hypothesis," a 19th century observation made by Simon Newcomb that the beginning pages of logarithm books were grubbier than the last few pages, implying that scientists referenced the values toward the front of the books more frequently. Experiments and phase-field simulations reveal the existence of oscillatory breathing modes with time periods of several 10's of minutes. Thermopile Detector Arrays for Space Science Applications. Rhee, Hyop S.; Begg, Lester L.; Wetch, Joseph R.; Jang, Jong H.; Juhasz, Albert J. Vortex dynamics in two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays, Ashrafuzzaman, Md. Arrays of thermopile detectors, however, have not been developed to the extent of uncooled bolometer and pyroelectric/ferroelectric arrays. The Reliability of Criterion-Referenced Measures. Tan, H.; Collins, J. W.; Walby, M.; Hennig, W.; Warburton, W. K.; Grudberg, P. Different techniques have been developed for reading out microcalorimeter sensor arrays: individual outputs for small arrays, and time-division or frequency-division or code-division multiplexing for large arrays. Although parents' nurturance, authoritarianism, and authoritativeness were related to participants' conceptions of God (thus providing some support for psychoanalytic assertions), the variable of self-esteem far outweighed all other variables in accounting for the variance in God concepts. The phase-field method has become the method of choice for simulating microstructural pattern formation during solidification. A deep reactive ion etching process was used to compactify the array. DNA double-crossover AB-staggered (DXAB) tiles were covalently connected by enzyme-free template-directed photoligation, which enables a specific ligation reaction in an extremely tight space and under buffer conditions where no enzymes work efficiently. Methods In this paper, the design, construction and evaluation of a 1.75 dimensional ultrasound phased array to be used for treating prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia is presented. Reynolds number based on the nozzle width d and the exit mean velocity Ue ( 39 m / s) was kept constant 25000. This technique enables the development of flexible and transparent pH sensors that are promising for in vivo applications. The phenomenon relies on square-shaped equifrequency contours (EFC) enabling self-collimation of acoustic waves within the phononic crystal. A review of literature serves as the basis for a discussion of various aspects of criterion-referenced tests. Several test circuits have been fabricated using Nb Josephson technology and are about to be tested at T = 4.2 K, with a more complete prototype in preparation. X-ray mammography is one of the most significant diagnosis methods in early detection of breast cancer. A full characterization of the detector was performed, including radiation damage study, dose per pulse effect, percent depth dose comparison with CC13 ion chamber and build up characteristics with a parallel plane ion chamber measurements, dose linearity, energy response and angular response. Tang, Hao; Lin, Xiao-Feng; Feng, Zhen; Chen, Jing-Yuan; Gao, Jun; Sun, Ke; Wang, Chao-Yue; Lai, Peng-Cheng; Xu, Xiao-Yun; Wang, Yao; Qiao, Lu-Feng; Yang, Ai-Lin; Jin, Xian-Min. The signals from eight tiles are processed by a single digital-receiver, thus requiring 16 digital-receivers for the MWA. Several approaches to this problem have appeared in the literature. Other approaches have required N2 controls for an NxN element phased array, which leads to complexity. The 3D digital dental models were exported as STL files. Relative to the intrinsic crosstalk contribution from hot carrier luminescence that occurs during avalanche current flows resulting from single incident photons, we find a modest rise in crosstalk for multi-photon incident pulses that can be accurately explained by direct optical scattering. In addition, the pH response kinetics and ionic strength effect of this 2D mesoporous polymer film were also investigated. Scalable Direct Writing of Lanthanide-Doped KMnF3 Perovskite Nanowires into Aligned Arrays with Polarized Up-Conversion Emission. Subspace Dimensionality: A Tool for Automated QC in Seismic Array Processing. For the parking garage array, we found large ground-motion variabilities (a factor of 2) over 200-m distances for sites on the same mapped soil unit. The concept of the use of a dedicated minicomputer for the processor for this application was demonstrated. Direct Writing of Three-Dimensional Macroporous Photonic Crystals on Pressure-Responsive Shape Memory Polymers. We are developing a kilopixel, filled bolometer array for space infrared astronomy. The usefulness of the detectors for beam profiling and digital holography is assessed. To pinpoint the location and direction of a wellborne, directional driller rely on measurements from accelerometers, magnetometer and gyroscopes. The 3D MEA prototype consists of a stack of individually patterned thin films that form a cell chamber conducive to maintaining and recording the electrical activity of a long-term three-dimensional network of rat cortical neurons. Freestanding two-dimensional Ni(OH)2 thin sheets assembled by 3D nanoflake array as basic building units for supercapacitor electrode materials. Through incremental PI,DSP control the simulator in the closed-loop control system. (Inventor). Two-dimensional coverage patterns measured at a distance of 0.5 m and 1.5 m coincide with simulation results. Continuous-Flow Electrophoresis of DNA and Proteins in a Two-Dimensional Capillary-Well Sieve. The WLS fiber arrays in each layer cross each other to transport light to each sensor array. Radio-frequency signals from the tiles are amplified and band limited using analog signal conditioning units; sampled and channelized by digital-receivers. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations prove the advantages and effectiveness of the proposed array structure and the related algorithm. An acoustooptic modulator generates the local oscillator frequencies and can achieve adequate spatial separation of optical frequencies of the order of a megahertz apart. The observed reversal of the current or potential in the middle terminal is interpreted as the analog of Bernoulli's effect in a Fermi liquid. Communications are "invisible" to guided missiles because of 20 dB smaller irradiation outside the beam and spatial separation. These results demonstrate for the first time that a sex difference in the use of directional cues, i.e., the sense of direction, is associated with more male-like digit ratio. This paper summarizes our initial findings and discusses the advantages and limitations of the antenna array and the various beamforming methods. Biological cilia have evolved to produce microscale fluid transport and are increasingly being recognized as critical components in a wide range of biological systems. While spatial Fourier transform-based beamformers have been implemented previously, this is, to our knowledge, the first time a direct-imaging correlator has been deployed on a radio astronomy array. It has been reported that AuS NPs are converted to Au NPs by UV/ozone treatment. This produced more current flow estimates for use in SPARROW modeling. In this paper, a multi-directional electromagnetic vibration energy harvester (EVEH) using the circular Halbach array (HA) is presented based on the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The directional resolution depends on the noise level and is proportional to the number of these point sensors; additional sensors help attenuate noise and improve direction resolution. Conclusion A 1.75 dimensional array, that overcame the drawbacks associated with one-dimensional arrays, has been designed, built and successfully tested. After hybridization with fluorescent probes, the number of colored beads, which reflects the abundance of expressed genes and the mutation rate, was counted for diagnosis. Strategies for improving accessibility include: acquisition of data in a software-dependent format; reorganization of data into logical geographic units; acquisition of intelligent retrieval software; improving computer hardware; and intelligent, Rotation sensitivity analysis of a two-dimensional array of coupled resonators. The capillaries are self-enclosed conduits in cylindrical profile featuring a uniform diameter and realized through an approach that avoids advanced patterning techniques. We prove our idea by fabricating and locating the dynamic barrier array between a lens array and a display panel. Thus, we realize the digital modulation of electromagnetic waves, from which we present the field-programmable reflective antenna with good measurement performance. Our conclusions provide an alternative method for the vibration control of airborne phononic crystals. The above results of the theoretical analysis are verified by 3-D scene simulations and experiments on real data. The Carrara stone surface accommodates the included undermount ceramic sink, and features a 4 tall backsplash that protects walls from spills and splashes. Previous tomography schemes based on x-ray coherent scattering failed to preserve the scattering pattern from samples with preferred orientations, or required elaborated data acquisition scheme, which could limit its application in practical settings. The present results further suggest that many factors beyond just increased surface area can influence heat transfer performance, including surface finish and the important multiphase transport mechanisms in and around the fin geometry. Here, we describe the development of a common-path digital holographic microscope, employing a shearing plate and converting one of the beams into a separate reference by employing a pin-hole. Wide field of view common-path lateral-shearing digital holographic interference microscope. The methodological differences increased with increasing magnitude of the kephalometric distance. A. J.; See, P.; Griffiths, J. P.; Beere, H. E.; Jones, G. A. C.; Ritchie, D. A.; Kelly, M. J.; Smith, C. G. We utilize a multiplexing architecture to measure the conductance properties of an array of 256 split gates. Its freestanding frame is made from a blend of solid birch and engineered wood in a neutral hue that complements any color palette. One of the most important goals of research on three-dimensional nonscanning laser imaging systems is the improvement of the illumination system. Overall, Resonant scattering from a two-dimensional honeycomb PT dipole structure. Supercharge your procurement process, with industry leading expertise in sourcing of network backbone, colocation, and packet/optical network infrastructure. Polarimetric imaging in infrared wavelengths have attracted more and more attention for broad applications in meteorological observations, medicine, remote sensing and many other fields. The model takes seconds to calculate the systems optical response and makes it easy to unravel the effect of each system parameter. The goal of this project was the feasibility study of a particular architecture of a digital signal processing machine operating in real time which could do in a pipeline fashion the computation of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of a time-domain sampled complex digital data stream. Finally, the program sums the squares of the real and imaginary values to generate the power spectrum coefficients. One-dimensional (1D) micro fin arrays were made through one-pass rolling, while two-dimensional (2D) micro fin arrays were made by sequential 90 cross rolling with the same roller sleeve.